COMPARISON BETWEEN THE ABSORPTION AND HALF VALUE THICKNESS OF SOME ELEMENTS OF GAMMA RAYS

Abstract

In this research, elements of aluminum, lead, and copper plates were compared as elements for blocking gamma rays as a function of the thickness of these strips and the distances when exposed to gamma rays from the cesium source used in this study. Also, the half-thickness of these elements was calculated based on their exposure to gamma rays emanating from the primary source. The results are summarized. With these measurements and the use of relevant equations, it was proven that lead and copper, in the second place, are more efficient in absorbing or blocking gamma rays. As for aluminum, exposure indicates electronic capture and the emission of electrons as a result of this exposure. The research prepared for this study is to study the linear absorption coefficient and self-blocking of the elements aluminum, lead, and copper, and to calculate the half-thickness of these elements by deriving the radioactive decay equation. Strips with different variable thicknesses were used for all the aforementioned elements. It was clear from the study that self-blocking has a clear effect on the absorption coefficient, and that the best of them is Lead. The relationship between the absorption of elements used was determined using radioactive source Cesium-137.

The radioactive source 137Cs (5μCi), voltage source (900V), the Giger counter with six lead and six aluminum slices were used. All slices were used in sequence by placing them between the radioactive source and the counter. The slices studies by similar methods.

 It turns out that the net yield varies inversely with the share of branched matter. As the thickness of the diamond material increases, the net no. We can imagine that, since the neutralizing device is protecting, absorbing or reducing the number of photons internal to the resulting output conductor, the thicker the absorbing device, the smaller the number of photons that reach the resulting output conductor and then the net number. As a result, lead dampens cold temperatures compared with aluminum slices. Therefore, lead is considered most effectiveness in protecting from gamma rays.