Cahiers Magellan-NS "Cahiers Magellan-NS is a comprehensive research journal that spans diverse disciplines including endocrinology, surgery, oncology, medical research, clinical trials, and diagnostics and treatment of gland-related disorders. It explores various aspects of gland diseases, surgical techniques, biomarkers, imaging technologies, pathology, and biological mechanisms. The journal also delves into interventional radiology, applications of medical and drug treatments, management practices, financial implications, travel impacts, technological innovations, engineering solutions, societal influences, and environmental considerations. By encompassing such wide-ranging topics, Cahiers Magellan-NS serves as a pivotal platform for advancing interdisciplinary knowledge and fostering innovation in medical, scientific, and societal contexts."
A-COMPARATIVE STUDY LEVELS OF BLOOD SUGAR ACCORDING TO AGE AND GENDER
This study aimed to assess the clinical symptoms associated with this disease over time. A convenience sampling approach was used. Outpatients were selected to participate after providing written informed consent. The study lasted approximately six months, and participants ranged in age from 40 to 65 years. Type 2 diabetes was identified using the patient's glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, which was recorded over the previous 30 days and reflects their blood glucose control. Demographic information was also collected from the patients, including age, sex, socioeconomic status, health status, co-morbidities, and diabetes-related symptoms. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the mean age was significantly higher in diabetic patients with less than one year of diabetes (60.44 ± 15.88 years) compared to those with one to five years of diabetes (52.26 ± 14.37 years) and those with more than five years of diabetes (53.95 ± 14.28 years) (p<0.001). Group with a duration of less than one year (89 cases, 59.3%) compared to the group with a duration of one to five years (54 cases, 36.0%) and the group with a duration of more than five years (11 cases, 7.3%) (p<0.001).
GENERATIVE AI-DRIVEN NETWORK DIGITAL TWINS: A NOVEL FRAMEWORK FOR MULTIVARIATE ANOMALY DETECTION AND DATA IMPUTATION IN 6G ECOSYSTEMS
The symbiotic Internet of Things (S-IoT) networks, powered by 6G technologies, have created and will continue to create a revolution and complexity that necessitates a broader understanding of digital systems. Enabling distributed intelligence through the integration of centralized, peripheral, and cloud computing for automation relies on the support and symbiosis of artificial intelligence. This leads to all integral forms with respect to the largest scale models of the AI and their connection for the resource-limited devices, resulting in serious security vulnerabilities. The root cause is loose endpoints, which are increasingly becoming entry points for sophisticated cyberattacks. Data breaches are becoming increasingly apparent, and system disruptions further exacerbate these vulnerabilities. This study addresses this issue. This framework of the employs adaptive data preprocessing, with addition the outlier mitigation, class balancing using Adaptive Synthetic Sampling, and minimum-maximum normalization, followed by hierarchical integration and spatial pattern capture dynamics (such as packet length variation and TCP tag anomalies).
Dr: Mohammed Ridha Faisal Faisal, Reya Majid Hameed
SPORTS MARKETING AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS CLUBS IN BABYLON
Abstract: This study examines the state of sports marketing within sports organizations to understand its current reality and future prospects. It highlights the necessity of exploring all related aspects, such as the market position of sports products, consumer demand, and the various financing methods that can achieve self-sufficiency and even generate added value. This includes utilizing alternative funding sources, such as human resources or sports products, alongside sports themselves, in all their forms, as a resource for this marketing. To understand the importance and necessity of sports marketing within sports organizations, a field study of football clubs leads to the following research question: What is the current state and future prospects of sports marketing within sports organizations? Sub-questions: - What are the most important concepts related to sports marketing? - What is the concept of a sports organization? - What is the current state of sports marketing in sports organizations? - What are the prospects for sports marketing in sports organizations in the short and medium term? - What are the prospects for sports marketing in sports organizations in the long term? Research hypotheses: - Some sports marketing practices exist in the football clubs under study. - In the short and medium term, football clubs adopt the best sports marketing methods to develop themselves. - In the long term, football clubs strive for the effective implementation of sports marketing to achieve their goals. Study objectives: The purpose of this study is to achieve the following objectives: - To attract the attention of marketing professionals to specialize in the sports field;- To raise awareness among sports officials about the importance of sports marketing today; - To examine the current state of sports marketing and develop a vision for the future; - To highlight the importance of sports marketing through its revenue generation and its role in funding various sports organizations; - To demonstrate the potential for increasing state revenue from taxes and rationalizing government subsidies; - To study and address the obstacles hindering sports marketing; - To propose recommendations to increase attention to sports marketing
APPLICATION OF DISPERSION CORRECTION IN NUCLEAR RADIOLOGY BY STATISTICAL PROGRAMMING.
Flash radiography distortions are caused by scattered photons, making image reconstruction difficult. Therefore, the effect of scattered photons must be considered at all times. The appearance of distortions generates iterative inferences about the scattered photons, so the scattering effect must be controlled to restore the true image without the influence of multiple scattering. The scattered photon flux is calculating by the summing of two principal variables and represents as components of these results. The single-scattered component is accurately calculated using the non-collisional photon flux along the characteristic beam. Previously obtained through a Monte Carlo simulation, which is based on most-likely-valued statistics and using matrices based on finite element variable analysis methods. The preprocessing procedures for stochastic geometry and ray tracing are based on a customized performance reporting tool. Using, IPORInter Protocol Over-Block Rate (IPOR), is developed. Numerical results show without dispersion correction with excellent computing and analytical accuracy.
Dhameer A.mutlak , Ameen Riyadh Shakir Al-Yasiri
The symbiotic Internet of Things (S-IoT) networks, powered by 6G technologies, have created and will continue to create a revolution and complexity that necessitates a broader understanding of digital systems. Enabling distributed intelligence through the integration of centralized, peripheral, and cloud computing for automation relies on the support and symbiosis of artificial intelligence. This leads to all integral forms with respect to the largest scale models of the AI and their connection for the resource-limited devices, resulting in serious security vulnerabilities. The root cause is loose endpoints, which are increasingly becoming entry points for sophisticated cyberattacks. Data breaches are becoming increasingly apparent, and system disruptions further exacerbate these vulnerabilities. This study addresses this issue. This framework of the employs adaptive data preprocessing, with addition the outlier mitigation, class balancing using Adaptive Synthetic Sampeling, and minimum-maximum normalization, followed by hierarchical integration and spatial pattern capture dynamics (such as packet length variation and TCP tag anomalies).
Generative, AI-Driven, Network, Imputation, 6G Ecosystems.
THE MEANS AVAILABLE IN CRIMINAL LAW TO COMBAT TERRORISM
The current study presents a vision for terrorism prevention. The study focuses on terrorism prevention activities. by creating some legitimate components for fighting the terrorism by using the principles of the international rules of the law. Just as the international community perceives that the threat of terrorism is increasing in severity and scope, there is a parallel risk of overreaction by implementing measures and mechanisms that may prove unjustified. Some states may invoke so-called emergency powers to combat terrorism while balancing individual rights, community protection, and national security. No state, no matter how powerful, can protect itself from current threats. Every state needs the cooperation of other states to ensure its security. Therefore, it is in every state's interest to cooperate with other states to confront the most pressing threats, as this maximizes the opportunities for cooperation in confronting its own priority threats. criminal law also plays a prominent role in combating bioterrorism, and this important aspect has been highlighted. Bioterrorism is considered one of the most dangerous cross-border weapons of mass destruction, given its great potential to kill millions of people in various countries around the world, within a few days, in complete silence and without shedding a single drop of blood. This type of weapon relies on invisible microscopic organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and microbes in hostile acts to achieve political, religious, intellectual, or commercial goals. This has placed the international community in a state of true panic, especially after the spread of the Corona pandemic throughout the world, fearing that this virus, and others, could be used as a biological weapon that would kill humans. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the role of international mechanisms in the field of combating bioterrorism, which have been unable to perform their duties due to the rapid scientific development in biotechnology and genetic engineering, in the absence of an effective international mechanism for monitoring, investigating, and inspecting such international crimes.
CRIMEAN–CONGO HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER OUTBREAK IN BAGHDAD AL-KARKH HOSPITALS, IRAQ (2022–2024)
Abstract: Background: Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe viral zoonotic disease transmitted primarily through Hyalomma ticks or contact with infected animal tissues or blood. It is endemic in Africa, the Balkans, the Middle East and Asia, including Iraq, and carries a case fatality rate (CFR) ranging from 10–40%. Aim: To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the epidemiological, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics of CCHF cases admitted to hospitals in Baghdad Al‑Karkh, Iraq, during 2022–2024, and to identify risk factors influencing transmission and outcomes. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted among all patients admitted to isolation wards with clinical evidence of CCHF in Baghdad Al‑Karkh hospitals from 2022 to 2024. Case definitions followed national and WHO guidelines. Data included demographics, clinical presentation, exposure history, laboratory confirmation, and outcomes. Results: A total of 217 CCHF cases were admitted during the study period: 51 (23.5%) confirmed, 109 (50.2%) suspected, and 57(26.3%) probable. Eleven deaths were recorded case fatality rate was (CFR 7.8%). The infection fatality rate (IFR) was 5 %, and prevalence was 5 per 100,000 population. Males constituted 59% of cases. Most patients (60%) were from urban areas, and 78% of cases occurred during the summer months—especially May to July. Fever (41%), joint pain (17%), and vomiting (12%) were the most common symptoms, while 19% experienced bleeding manifestations. Most affected patients (42%) were aged 45–65 years. Conclusion: The 2022–2024 CCHF outbreak in Iraq represents the largest resurgence since 1979. Baghdad Al‑Karkh reported significant numbers, though less than southern provinces. Male adults aged 45-65 years were the most affected, largely due to increased exposure to animals, raw meat, and slaughtering activities. Improved awareness and infection control practices in 2024 contributed to better detection and management. Strengthened surveillance and tick‑control programs are essential to prevent future outbreaks.
Dr. Fawzi Hashim Atshan , Dr. Amer Baker Mahmood , Dr. Hiba Naji Abdulridha Al Sudani , Suhad Ridha Khatee
UNRAVELING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING ENGLISH SPEAKING PROFICIENCY
This article delves into the intricate web of psychological factors that influence English speaking proficiency, offering insights and strategies for language learners. It explores various psychological dimensions, such as self-efficacy, anxiety, perfectionism, motivation, and cultural influences, shedding light on their implications for language acquisition. By understanding and addressing these psychological factors, learners can enhance their confidence, resilience, and effectiveness in spoken English communication. The article emphasizes practical strategies for managing anxiety, cultivating motivation, and embracing cultural diversity in language learning environments. It highlights the importance of fostering a growth mindset, setting achievable goals, and celebrating progress to overcome barriers and achieve fluency in English.
English speaking proficiency, psychological factors, self-efficacy anxiety, perfectionism, motivation, cultural influences, language learning strategies, growth mindset, fluency.
Copyright (c) 2026 CAHIERS MAGELLANES-NS
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE ABSORPTION AND HALF VALUE THICKNESS OF SOME ELEMENTS OF GAMMA RAYS
In this research, elements of aluminum, lead, and copper plates were compared as elements for blocking gamma rays as a function of the thickness of these strips and the distances when exposed to gamma rays from the cesium source used in this study. Also, the half-thickness of these elements was calculated based on their exposure to gamma rays emanating from the primary source. The results are summarized. With these measurements and the use of relevant equations, it was proven that lead and copper, in the second place, are more efficient in absorbing or blocking gamma rays. As for aluminum, exposure indicates electronic capture and the emission of electrons as a result of this exposure. The research prepared for this study is to study the linear absorption coefficient and self-blocking of the elements aluminum, lead, and copper, and to calculate the half-thickness of these elements by deriving the radioactive decay equation. Strips with different variable thicknesses were used for all the aforementioned elements. It was clear from the study that self-blocking has a clear effect on the absorption coefficient, and that the best of them is Lead. The relationship between the absorption of elements used was determined using radioactive source Cesium-137. The radioactive source 137Cs (5μCi), voltage source (900V), the Giger counter with six lead and six aluminum slices were used. All slices were used in sequence by placing them between the radioactive source and the counter. The slices studies by similar methods. It turns out that the net yield varies inversely with the share of branched matter. As the thickness of the diamond material increases, the net no. We can imagine that, since the neutralizing device is protecting, absorbing or reducing the number of photons internal to the resulting output conductor, the thicker the absorbing device, the smaller the number of photons that reach the resulting output conductor and then the net number. As a result, lead dampens cold temperatures compared with aluminum slices. Therefore, lead is considered most effectiveness in protecting from gamma rays.
analytical, measurement, Geiger–Müller, half-value thickness dosimeter.
MONTE CARLO SIMULATION APPLICATIONS FOR DISPERSION CORRECTION IN RADIOGRAPHY
Monte Carlo, simulation, variable analysis, radiation, dispersion.
Copyright (c) 2025 CAHIERS MAGELLANES-NS
ANOMALY DETECTION IN ETHEREUM TRANSACTIONS USING GRAPH NEURAL NETWORKS AND EXPLAINABLE AI
Ethereum and similar blockchain platforms help with decentralized trading, nevertheless their activity is often disrupted by strange and dishonest actions. It is hard for rule-based or classical machine learning approaches to capture how different parts of a blockchain network interact with each other. The proposed method makes use of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to detect anomalies in the transactions on the Ethereum network. In this system, the directed graph uses addresses as nodes and transactions form edges with the attributes of value, timestamp and which type of token is involved. We use Explainable AI (XAI) approaches called SHAP and GNNExplainer to explain and understand the model’s choices. Working on real Ethereum transaction data reveals that the system finds anomalies very accurately and also adds to the understandability of those findings, supporting fraud prevention, compliance with regulations and clear analytics on blockchain records.
Ethereum, Blockchain, Blockchain network, Decentralized trading, Transaction data, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), Explainable AI (XAI), Machine learning, SHAP, GNNExplainer, Model interpretability, Anomaly detection.
Enas Mahmud Mahdi, Mahmud Mahdi Hussin AL-Bayati
TRANSMISSION, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT OF BRUCELLOSIS IN COMMUNITY MEDICINE
One of the objectives of this study is to determine the extent of rapid spread of Malta fever in three specific regions that are consistently susceptible to the spread of this disease .The current study included 100 male and 100 female patients, ranging in age from 10 to 60 years. The Bengal Rose test, used to diagnose Brucella spp. infection (the actual cause of Malta fever), was performed using a standard test kit from a reputable German company. The diagnosis relied on the aggregation of antigens and antibodies produced in the patient's blood due to infection. The results of the tests showed an increase in the number of infections during the study period compared to previous years. The study also revealed a clear and significant difference in the infection rate among females, which was higher than that of males. The 20-40 age group recorded the highest percentage of infections. Compared to other age groups, the study showed a significantly higher incidence of the disease in non-urban areas compared to urban areas. Health awareness and a healthy lifestyle play a crucial role in preventing this disease
Brucellosis, community medicine, , Transmission, diagnosis.
FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AND IDEAL IMPLEMENTATION METHODS
Objectives include improving cash flow and liquidity, controlling expenditure tracking, and auditing tax compliance. Periodic quarterly or annual audits and reviews are cornerstones of financial accounting in all its newly developed branches. This study is exceptionally important due to its reliance on advanced systems that keep pace with scientific and technological development. Regularly updating accounting systems and practices to keep up with regulatory changes and new requirements is essential. Financial accounting is one of the oldest branches of accounting, from which all other branches of accounting stem. This study focuses on fundamental priorities and sound principles. Financial accounting focuses on the analysis, recording, and classification of all aspects of financial transactions within an organization. and other organizations, in addition to preparing financial statements in accordance with approved accounting standards and in a manner consistent with accounting principles in general, this research addresses financial reports and their role in providing financial information about the organization's performance. It discusses the differences between financial and managerial accounting. The research examines the importance of the basic financial statements upon which financial accounting is based, which are primarily based on three fundamental pillars: the balance sheet, the income statement, and the cash flow statement. The research also discusses ways to establish an accounting system as a strategic step that includes important fundamentals and solid, stable foundations.
Fundamentals, financial, accounting, implementation, managerial.
Suaad Abdulfattah Mohamed Al-Bairooti, Taha Khalid Abrahim Al-Abbo, Hanaa Abdulrazzaq Jiyad
ECHO PLANAR WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING PRODUCTION
Planar MRI was initially proposed as a technology to reduce an MRI scan to a single image (a snapshot), just like conventional radiography. This vision naturally sparked widespread speculation and the clinical impact of an MRI scanner equitation with planar MRI. From completing an entire MRI scan in seconds to expanding the scope of MRI applications into areas previously occupied by many modalities, the anticipated electromagnetic potential energy of planar MRI was truly enormous. However, the technological challenge associated as the developments of planar MRI with respect to a clinical tools were only recently grow. The two manners using in this research, first the Turbo Spin Echo(TSE)and the second is Fast Spin Echo(FSE) for Compartions to get the real approach for the final results.
nuclear magnetic, resonance, radiography, physical, modification.
THE WEAPONIZATION OF WORDS: CALUMNIOUS UTTERANCES IN JOHNNY DEPP AND AMBER HEARD'S TRIAL SPEECHES FROM A PRAGMATIC PERSPECTIVE
This study approaches calumnious utterances from a pragmatic perspective, focusing on its use in the highly publicized legal case between Johnny Depp and Amber Heard. The trial, rich in media coverage and public scrutiny, presents a compelling context to examine how language can be used as a weapon in legal and interpersonal conflicts. Despite its relevance, the concept of calumny has received limited academic attention, particularly in the field of pragmatics. To address this research gap, the study investigates the pragmatic mechanisms behind calumnious speech by analysing selected utterances from the trial discourse. To support this investigation, the study includes a review of literature relevant to calumny and its related concepts, such as misrepresentation and reputational damage. This theoretical framework helps clarify how such speech acts operate within broader communicative and social structures. In conclusion, this research aims to deepen the understanding of calumny as a communicative concept, emphasizing its role in shaping public narratives, influencing legal outcomes, and revealing how language can be used to manipulate, accuse, and harm in high-stakes contexts
calumnious utterances , false accusations, pragmatics, Johnny Depp, Amber Heard
Hussein Hadi Muazhim*1 , & Nesaem Mehdi Al-Aadili1
RENAL CYSTS DIAGNOSIS WITH APPLICATIONS OF CT
This research included a clinical study of patients of different ages within selected ranges and different ages, gender, drug use and smoking, and in the form of multiple groups. Distribution of the studied sample according to the testing device, cyst type, cyst location, and cyst shape. Distribution of the studied sample according to kidney dimensions, kidney width, texture, and volume, and study of normal and abnormal kidneys. Statistical analyses and additional computer applications were used to infer the variance of the studied cases, which may be studied later. The cysts, particularly in differentiating them from solid renal tumors and other cystic lesions. It is a highly accurate technique for characterizing renal masses seen on urograms and is often useful in differentiating benign cysts from tumors, including cystic renal cell carcinoma.
CT. abdominal masses ,US imaging, renal cyst, application
EFFICIENT IN VITRO REGENERATION OF PIGEON PEA (CAJANUS CAJAN) USING DIFFERENT EXPLANTS
ICPL87 pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) was developed by pedigree selection from the cross ICPX73052 (T21 X JA277), made in 1973. In the present study, more than 50% of the variants showed gains of13.6 to 21.8% in their seed size. The largest seeds (13.3 g/100 seeds) were produced by ‘ICPL 99073’. This line also produced high seed yield (2226 kg/ha). Since small seed size is dominant over large seeds, the observed variation for large seeds could be the result of specific mutational events occurring from dominant to recessive form of alleles. The most common seed coat color in pigeon pea is brown, and it is dominant over white seed. Only one or two recessive genes are known to control the expression of white seed. In the present study, 8 (out of the 15 lines evaluated) recorded a change in seed colour from brown to white, emphasizing a change that was induced through point mutations from dominant to recessive form of alleles. It is evident that the dominant genes, governing brown coat colour are prone to such mutagenic forces. Also reported the presence of white seeded mutants in some of the R2 explants.
AI-GENERATED AND HUMAN-GENERATED IMAGES IN DIGITAL ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS TO EXAMINE USER ENGAGEMENT AND PERCEPTION ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Artificial intelligence-generated images are increasingly common in digital advertising, complementing conventional human-created content. This study analyses the extent of user engagement and perception of artificial intelligence-generated photos on social media platforms compared to human-generated images. This research project investigated the use of netnography and social media data to analyse customer engagement and interactions with diverse images employed in advertising campaigns. Data were collected from several internet advertising campaigns by multiple firms, and qualitative research was conducted to analyse the underlying user attitudes. The study's findings offer substantial insights into the effectiveness of images generated by artificial intelligence, the ethical implications of these graphics, and their influence on user engagement within the advertising industry.
artificial intelligence, humans generated images, digital marketing, social media analytics, user engagement, netnography, and online advertising.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICACY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-GENERATED VERSUS HUMAN-GENERATED IMAGES IN DIGITAL ADVERTISING
In the growing field of online advertising, visual content selection is of great relevance since it directly affects the capacity to draw user attention and induce interaction. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has resulted in the increasing use of AI-generated images for ads together with traditional human-generated images. This paper aims to assess, in the framework of online advertising, especially on Google Ads, the efficiency of AI-generated images against human-generated ones. This study investigates the impact of both picture forms by means of variable analysis including click-through rates (CTR), conversion rates, and user interaction. Content data analysis and in-depth interviews form a qualitative method used to examine user preferences and impressions. According to research, human-generated visuals have more emotional effect and authenticity even if artificial intelligence-generated graphics have the freedom to be scaled and customised. The current work investigates the ethical consequences connected to AI-generated images and offers reasonable advice for advertisers.
AI-generated images, human-generated images, online advertising, user engagement, click-through rates, visual content effectiveness, advertising ethics
Copyright (c) 2024 CAHIERS MAGELLANES-NS
AI IMPLEMENTATION IN EDUCATIONAL THINKING A BETRAYAL TO GOD-GIVEN MENTAL CAPACITY: A CRITICAL REVIEW
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into modern education has sparked significant debate across philosophical, ethical, theological, and practical domains. While some view AI as a threat to human cognition and a potential betrayal of divine endowment, others argue that AI enhances educational equity, personalizes learning, and expands cognitive potential. This paper critically explores the multifaceted impact of AI on education, particularly its implications for spiritual and intellectual development. It examines how AI affects traditional pedagogical values, the teacher’s role, and the human capacity for ethical reasoning and creativity. Through philosophical inquiry, real-world case studies, and theological reflection, the study argues that AI, when used responsibly and ethically, serves not as a replacement but as an extension of God-given intellect. Educators must remain central, serving as moral and spiritual guides in a technologically enhanced learning environment.
Artificial Intelligence, education, ethics, spirituality, human cognition, moral development, theology, teacher’s role, personalized learning
Prof. (Dr) Sudhir Rawat, Dr. Anjana Vashishtha Rawat
STUDIES ON THE DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OF BUTTERFLY FAUNA IN AND AROUND KASTURIBA GANDHI BALIKA VIDHYALAYA(KGBV) CAMPUS KOTHAGUDA ,MAHABUBABAD DISTRICT,TELANGANA,INDIA
Butterfly fauna is one of the most attractive and colorful insect in the world. The present study was carried out to understand the butterfly diversity in Kasturiba Gandhi Balikala Vidhyalaya (KGBV) School Complex Polaram Village, Kothaguda Mondal, Mahabubabad District Telangana State India from June 2024 to November 2024.A total of 23 species of butterflies belonging to 14 genera and four families were recorded from the present study. The observed butterflies family Pieridae was the most dominant among four families with(10)species(7) genera followed by Nymphalidae(10) species (4)genera Papilionidae(2) species( 2) genera and Lycaenidae(1) species (1) genera. Among 23 species 2 species were found to be protected under the India Wildlife (Protection) Act,(1972).
Diversity, Fauna, Kasturiba Gandhi Balikala Vidyalaya, Protectection
EMOTIONAL FLEXIBILITY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ACHIEVEMENT OF HISTORY DEPARTMENT STUDENTS IN THE COURSE OF SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHING METHODS
Statistics between the average scores of students in the emotional flexibility test at a significance level of (0.05) and the average scores of students in the students’ achievement in emotional flexibility. There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of students on the emotional flexibility scale at a significance level of (0.05) in the gender variable. The research sample consisted of (92) male and female students from the College of Basic Education, History Department. The sample was chosen intentionally to achieve the research objectives, a resilience scale was constructed consisting of (24) multiple-choice optional items. The researcher used the statistical package (SPSS). The following results were reached: Students with good achievement enjoy good and high emotional resilience because they aspire to effective participation with their teachers and colleagues. Males enjoy greater freedom than females because they are more liberated than females. This is due to the customs and traditions that prevail in our local Iraqi society. The researcher reached a set of conclusions, including: There is a direct relationship between emotional resilience and students’ academic achievement. The researcher suggested conducting a descriptive study to determine the emotional resilience of teachers. She also recommended: Benefiting instructors in the scientific and educational specialization from the emotional resilience scale and its impact on student achievement.
(Emotional resilience – achievement, Emotional resilience- achievement).
Aliaa Jawad Kadhim, Marwa Mohammed, Jouda Zina Salih Mahdi al-mamoori
A Rare Complication of Dengue Fever: Posterior Duodenal Perforation Leading to Peritonitis
Dengue fever is a common infection in tropical and subtropical locations, characterized by fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, and bleeding signs. This was the case of a 52-year-old male patient who arrived to the emergency department with a 3-day history of high fever and abdominal pain. He had tested positive for the Dengue NS-1 antigen the day before admission. Upon examination, the patient showed disorientation, unstable hemodynamics, and a hard abdomen.An abdominal X-ray revealed pneumoperitoneum, which indicates the presence of air in the abdominal cavity and necessitates an emergency laparotomy. During the surgery, a posterior duodenal perforation and widespread peritonitis were detected. The perforation was closed by a modified Graham's patch technique, followed by omental patching and a gastro-jejunostomy with pylorus exclusion. Unfortunately, despite medical treatment, the patient died on the third day of stay.If such consequences are not detected and treated immediately, they might be fatal.
Dengue fever complicated by perforation of the posterior duodenum and resulting peritonitis
Leena Ahmed, Reda Sherif, Mostafa eisa, khaled Aldebese, Mostafa gooda, Muhammad Javid Bhutta, Elhaytham elhussien, Mohamed H. Badawy
IMPACT OF BRAND LOYALTY ON CONSUMERS' BUYING BEHAVIOUR IN THE DAIRY PRODUCTS MARKET
Purpose The purpose of the study is to identify the brand loyalty factors that influences buying behaviour of consumers towards dairy products, to understand the relationship between brand loyalty and consumer buying behaviour. Methodology A sample size of 604 respondents from the Gujarat & other states were selected for the ongoing study in order to participate in the evaluation process using SPSS. But in order to use a Google form for the survey, a random sampling was carried out using social media networks with members spread throughout India. Findings The role of cultural and regional influences on brand loyalty is covered in the literature review. In order to provide a quantifiable representation of their opinions, respondents were asked to assess their settlement on a Likert scale. Research limitations The research is limited to only quantitative analysis, perhaps no qualitive analysis has been conducted in the paper. According to the research, satisfied clients are more devoted to a given brand than are potential new clients. Originality Businesses tailor their strategies to resonate with consumers' cultural sensibilities by understanding how these cultural factors relate to brand loyalty. Even though there may have been a lot of research done in the past on how consumers purchase dairy products, there are still some elements that are missing, and marketers are still working to figure out what these missing elements are.
UNRAVELING THE CAUSE OF DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER (DID) THROUGH REGRESSION
Regression means getting into the story. Regression Therapy derives its name from its method i.e. recovering and reliving past experiences cathartically. In the context of a person’s present lifetime, this work is called Inner Child work. With associative re-living, associative catharsis happens and the physical body validates the experience because thoughts can be disputed but not the bodily experiences. Then the awareness comes to the client followed by understanding of the root cause of the presenting problem (here we may safely say that ‘diagnosis’ is realised after the therapy!). The aim of the current case study was to explore the underlying causes of "blacking out" episodes triggered by emotional stress especially because the client reported of having gaps in her memory. Regression method was used with help of emotional and somatic bridges. The regression unraveled the split of personality (DID) which was being used as a defense to deal with the stress. While taking case history and exploring her sub conscious mind dissociative symptoms had been observed but the understanding and clarity to the client is important. The client, a 24-year-old female, was in class 3 when she blacked out for the first time because of the ongoing fight between her parents and this became her way of dealing with stressful situations till it was discovered (at current age). Self-help techniques were taught to rewire the brain and to address the body memory. Mind is very powerful and works in many ways for survival, one of them being dissociation. The study highlights the efficacy of regression therapy in solving the mysteries of the mind.
Dissociation, DID, Stress, Defense, self- help techniques
AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF ORAL HYGIENE PROTOCOLS AND PERIODONTAL HEALTH AMONG ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS
Introduction: Maintaining good oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment, particularly with fixed orthodontic applience can be a challenge for most patients. Such appliances often create physical barriers that make it difficult to remove plaque effectively, which can lead to increased plaque buildup and a higher risk of periodontal diseases. Past studies have shown a clear link between orthodontic treatment and various periodontal issues, highlighting the need for diligent oral care during treatment. Objectives: This study aims to understand how much orthodontic patients in the western province of Saudi Arabia know about oral hygiene and periodontal health. We want to see if there are differences in awareness and knowledge based on factors like age, gender, and how long the patients have had their braces. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire was used to gather data from orthodontic patients. The participants were divided into two age groups: those under 18 and those 18 and older. Also observing the duration of wearing orthodontic applience, grouping them into those who had braces for less than six months and those who had them for more than six months. The questionnaire covered demographics, knowledge of periodontal disease, awareness of periodontal health, and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment. We used a structured scoring system to evaluate the responses and analyzed the data with SPSS software. This study was evaluating the awareness and knowledge of oral hygiene protocols and periodontal health among 406 orthodontic patients. The average participant age was 28, with a notable 67.5% being female and a majority holding a bachelor's degree. While 92.9% brushed daily, only 41.6% accurately identified dental plaque as soft deposits, pointing to a significant knowledge gap regarding periodontal issues. Alarmingly, 63.1% reported no plaque presence despite indicators of gum disease, such as bad breath and tooth mobility, affecting many. A strong positive attitude towards oral hygiene was noted, yet only 11.1% demonstrated high awareness, highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions. Conclusion: The present study provides valuable insights into the knowledge of oral hygiene protocols and periodontal health among orthodontic patients in Saudi Arabia. While the findings indicate a proactive approach to maintaining oral hygiene, significant gaps in knowledge and awareness persist.
Hussain Y.A. Marghalani, Maryiam Lary, Lulu Munshi, Ghalia Sabir, Abdulmajeed Alqazlan, Rahaf Alharbi, Faris Alqazlan, Lujain Sharqawi, Yara Kazkaz, Fatima Alziyad, Khamis T. Alzahrani
FEATURES OF HEMODYNAMIC INDICATORS OF CEREBRAL VESSELS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Abstract: The work is based on the results of a study of 97 CKD patients with neurological disorders of varying severity. It was revealed that in comparison with patients with stage C2, with C3a there was a tendency to a decrease in systolic blood flow velocity and a significant decrease in diastolic blood flow velocity,as a result, there was a significant increase in RI and PI in the cerebral vessels (p <0.05), which indicated a direct connection between CKD and the development of neurological disorders, as a result of which the appearance of vascular encephalopathies was observed based on CKD.
THE IMPORTANCE OF GENETIC RESEARCH METHODS IN EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM OF WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA AND ADENOMYOSIS
We observed perimenopausal women with endometrial hyperplasia, in whom embryotropic antibodies in blood serum were determined by the ELIP test in order to assess the body's immunoreactivity. The revealed shifts in immunoreactivity are evidence of the readiness of trigger mechanisms in the implementation of newly formed GE. Probably, the solution to the issues of preventing the recurrence of GE lies in both the correction of the state of the immune system, taking into account the reactivity, and the endocrine-metabolic adaptive-homeostatic reactions in the female body mediated by it.
Z.Z.Askarova, N.A. Faizullaeva, A.O. Rakhimova
KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS LEVEL OF DIABETES MELLITUS DISEASE RISK FACTORS AMONG NON-DIABETIC PEOPLE IN KSA
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) affecting the world, regardless of geography, nationality, race, ethnic background, or gender It is one of the chronic metabolic disorders associated with a variety of complications and death, and its prevalence has been increasing not only in Saudi Arabia but also globally. Objective: Our study aimed to assess patient awareness and knowledge level of DM disease risk factors among non-diabetic people in KSA Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Saudi Arabia between July – December 2024. The study population comprised adult individuals over the age of 18 residing in Saudi Arabia. Participants recruited in July 2024 through the distribution of an online questionnaire. Using the Rao soft sample size calculator, the sample size was determined using the following formulas: (the response distribution was estimated to be 20%, the margin of error was 5%, and the confidence level was 95%) the minimum 384. A structured questionnaire has been used as a research tool which was based on previous research. Results: In this study assessing knowledge and awareness of diabetes mellitus risk factors among 443 non-diabetic individuals in Saudi Arabia, findings reveal critical gaps in education and awareness. Despite a high recognition of diabetes and its definitions, only 71.3% had received relevant health education. Alarmingly, 41.5% demonstrated low knowledge levels regarding risk factors, while only 33.2% showed high awareness. Participants acknowledged obesity (88.5%) and genetic predisposition (83.1%) as significant risk factors, yet many were unaware of symptoms like extreme hunger (46.7%). Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings from our study highlight a significant gap in knowledge and awareness regarding diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among the non-diabetic population in Saudi Arabia. While awareness of diabetes is high, the lack of comprehensive knowledge poses challenges for effective disease management and prevention.
Khalid Alghamdi, Lina Alwadie, Mousa Alahmari, Zahra Al Sadah, Bushra Alsyed, Suha Alalawi, Abdulrahman Atik, Abdulrahman Alghamdi, Reham Aljohani, Ammar A. Alshuaibi, Ather alsaiari, Khames T. Alzahrani
PRINCIPLES OF DISTINGUISHING WORD-SENTENCES AS A SEPARATE PART OF SPEECH IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES
ANNOTATION In world linguistics, we observe that there are similarities and differences in the grammatical structure of different languages. These similarities and differences are formed as a result of the evolution, historical development and mutual cultural influence of languages. This article discusses the grammatical features and functions of words and phrases in languages ​​with different systems, as well as the issue of their separation as a separate word family or consideration as a syntactic category.
word, lexeme, semantic, morphological, syntactic, grammatical feature, lexical-grammatical.
Karimova Zulnura Gulamqodirovna, Kurbanova Muhabbat Matyakubovna